Mangrove forests can cut storm-wave height by tens of percent across a few hundred meters
Dense trunks, prop roots, and tangled pneumatophores force storm waves to spend energy dragging through a living maze. Field and model studies often show wave height dropping by tens of percent within a few hundred meters of healthy mangrove fringe.
The forest does not stop every surge, but it slows water, traps sediment, and softens the blow before waves hit homes and roads inland.
Coastal defense can be green. Mangroves are breakwaters that grow, store carbon, and nursery fish — if we leave them standing.
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