Ice cores trap ancient air bubbles that record past climates
Deep in polar and alpine ice sheets, yearly snow layers compress into ice that seals tiny bubbles of ancient atmosphere — a vertical archive drilled as ice cores.
Chemists read greenhouse gases, dust, and isotopes layer by layer, reconstructing temperatures and air chemistry across hundreds of thousands of years. Each meter is a climate page frozen in place.
Ice is a library. Ice cores let mountain and polar snow speak for climates no human measured, linking cryosphere science to our warming present.
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